(一): 独立主格结构的构成:
①名词(代词)+现在分词、(与前面构成主动关系)
②名词(代词)+过去分词;(与前面构成被动关系)
③名词(代词)+不定式(表将来)
④名词(代词)+副词;
⑤名词(代词)+形容词;
⑥名词(代词) +介词短语;
⑦名词(代词) +名词
(二) 独立主格结构的特点:
1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。
2)名词或代词与后面的分词,形容词,副词,不定式,介词等是主谓关系。
3)独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow
The test finished, we began our holiday.
With a lot of things to do, he is quite busy.
He came into the room, his ears red with cold.
With those noises upstairs, I couldn’t go to sleep.
He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.
The villagers, most of them women and children, were killed that night.
注意: 独立主格结构使用介词的问题:
当介词是in时,其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分(如物主代词或冠词),也不用复数。但 with 的复合结构不受限制
A robber burst into the room, knife in hand.
A policeman ran after him, with a stick in his hand.
Practice:
-
With a lot of difficult problems ______, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled
-
With many items she needed ___ for her 50-birthday-party, she went to the supermarket with a big basket.
A. to be bought B. bought C. to buy D. buying
-
With all the magazines I needed ____, I left the post office.
A. buying B. to buy C. bought D. to be bought
-
With electricity ___ , we couldn’t drive the machine.
A. was cut off B. being cut off
C. cut off D. having cut off
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John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ________, he gladly accepted it.
A.finished B.finishing
C.having finished D.was finished
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